Test Parameters
Description
Leukocytes
Aka white blood cells. Also indicates presence of infection.
NItrite
May be a sign of urinary tract infection or other infection.
Urobilinogen
May be a sign of urinary tract infection or other infection.
Protein
Tests for kidney function.
pH
Measures urine acidity, associated with higher risk for kidney stones.
Blood
Can result from infection, injury, inflammation, kidney stones or cancer.
Specific gravity
Evaluates the body's water balance and urine concentration.
VC
Ketone
Caused by disorders of increased metabolism; also by unbalanced diets such as high protein/low carb, anorexia or fasting.
Bilirubin
Could indicate liver or gallbladder problems such as gallstones, hepatitis, cirrhosis or tumors.
Glucose
The most common test for diabetes.
Creatinine
Dividing the concentration of trace albumin or protein by the concentration of creatinine reduces the effect of urine output on
the results of random urine tests
Micro albumin
Trace amounts of albumin can provide accurate test results and diagnostic information for potential renal injury.All symptoms and
disturbances that can cause protein positivity produce positive results for trace albumin.Small amounts of random urine are also
affected by urine output, which can be reduced by introducing creatinine.
Calcium
The high and low urinary calcium concentration reflects the high and low blood calcium concentration, providing a basis for the
detection of hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, calcium deficiency, etc
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