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钛白粉(特别是锐钛型)的另一个重要的应用领域是化学纤维行业。化学纤维特别是合成纤维,由于其分子排列整齐,纤维表面较光滑,具有刺眼的光泽并呈半透明状态,所以在纺丝前要加入消光剂消光。由于颜料与纤维的折射率相差越大其消光效果越明显,而二氧化钛在所有白色颜料里的折射率最高,所以钛白粉是合成纤维最理想的消光材料。虽然金红石型的折射率比锐钛型高,但它没有锐钛型那样软,金红石型的颗粒硬容易磨损喷丝孔和切丝刀,因此一般都使用锐钛型。
1、钛白粉是二氧化钛( Titamium Dioxide)的商品名称,俗称钛白。它有金红石型(Rutile R型)和锐钛型(Auatase A型)二种结构,金红石晶体结构致密,比较稳定,光学活性小,因而耐候性好,同时有较高的遮盖力,消色力,因而有更好的应用性能,获得更为广泛的应用。
钛白粉物理化学性质稳定,同时具有优良的光学、电学性能及颜料应用性能,因此,具有广泛的使用价值。涂料、化纤、造纸、塑料、油墨、搪瓷、电焊条、冶金、电子工业、日用品工业等都要使用钛白粉做原料。
2、钛白粉的分类
按生产工艺路线分为硫酸法钛白粉、氯化法钛白粉;
按结晶形态分为锐钛型和金红石型二大类;
按使用对象分为颜料钛白粉和特殊专用钛白粉等等
2.1、涂料:色彩鲜艳,遮盖力高,着色力强,用量省,品种多,对介质的物理稳定性可起到保护作用,并能增强漆膜的机械强度和附着力,防止裂纹,防止紫外线和水分透过,延长漆膜寿命。
2.2、塑料:加入钛白粉,可以提高塑料制品的耐热、耐光、耐候性,使塑料制品的物理化学性能得到改善,增强制品的机械强度,延长使用寿命。
2.3、造纸:使纸张具有较好的白度,光泽好,强度高,薄而光滑,印刷时不穿透,质量轻。造纸用钛白粉一般使用未经表面处理的锐钛型钛白粉,可以起到荧光增白剂的作用,增加纸张的白度。
2.4、油墨:含有钛白粉的油墨耐久不变色,表面润湿性好,易于分散。油墨行业所用的钛白粉有金红石型,也有锐钛型.
2.5、橡胶:既作为着色剂,又具有补强、防老化、填充作用。在白色和彩色橡胶制品中加入钛白粉,在日光照射下,耐日晒,不开裂、不变色,且伸展率大及耐酸碱。橡胶用钛白粉,主要用于汽车轮胎以及胶鞋、橡胶地板、手套、运动器材等,一般以锐钛型为主。但用于汽车轮胎生产时,常加入一定量的金红石型产品,以增强其抗臭氧和抗紫外线能力。
2.6、化妆品:由于钛白粉无du,比铅白要好,所以各种香粉几乎都用钛白粉来代替铅白和锌白。香粉中只须加入5-8%的钛白粉就可以得到永久白色,使香料更滑腻,有附着力、吸收力和遮盖力。在水粉和冷霜中钛白粉可减弱油腻及透明的感觉。其他各种香料、防晒霜、皂片、白色香皂、剃鬚膏和牙膏中往往也用钛白粉。
2.7、纺织和化学纤维:化纤用钛白粉主要作为消光剂。因锐钛型比金红石型软,因此一般使用锐钛型。化纤用钛白粉一般不需表面处理,但某些特殊品种为了降低二氧化钛的光化学作用,避免纤维在二氧化钛光催化的作用下降解,需进行表面处理。
Another important application field of titanium dioxide (especially anatase type) is the chemical fiber industry. Chemical fibers, especially synthetic fibers, due to their neatly arranged molecules, relatively smooth fiber surfaces, dazzling luster and semi-transparent state, need to be added with matting agents to eliminate the gloss before spinning. The greater the difference in refractive indices between pigments and fibers, the more obvious the matting effect. Since titanium dioxide has the highest refractive index among all white pigments, titanium dioxide is the most ideal matting material for synthetic fibers. Although the refractive index of the rutile type is higher than that of the anatase type, it is not as soft as the anatase type. The particles of the rutile type are hard and prone to wear the spinneret and the wire cutter. Therefore, the anatase type is generally used. Titanium Dioxide is the trade name of titanium dioxide (Titamium Dioxide), commonly known as titanium white. It has two structures: Rutile type (Rutile R type) and anatase type (Auatase A type). The crystal structure of rutile is dense, relatively stable, and has low optical activity. Therefore, it has good weather resistance. At the same time, it has high covering power and tinting power, thus having better application performance and obtaining more extensive applications. Titanium dioxide has stable physical and chemical properties, and also possesses excellent optical, electrical properties and pigment application performance. Therefore, it has extensive application value. Titanium dioxide is used as raw material in industries such as coatings, chemical fibers, papermaking, plastics, inks, enamel, welding rods, metallurgy, electronics, and daily necessities.
2. Titanium dioxide is classified according to the production process route into sulfuric acid process titanium dioxide and chloride process titanium dioxide. It is classified into two major categories according to the crystalline form: anatase type and rutile type. According to the application objects, it can be divided into pigment titanium dioxide and special-purpose titanium dioxide, etc. 2.1 Coatings: Bright colors, high covering power, strong tinting strength, low usage, many varieties, can protect the physical stability of the medium, and can enhance the mechanical strength and adhesion of the paint film, prevent cracks, and prevent
更新时间:2025-07-05 23:17
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